Sindarin Consonant Mutation Tool
When a noun’s root starts with nd, mb, or ng, type it exactly that way (e.g., ngil, mbar) so the tool returns the correct results.
Tolkien also notes that the consonant j only survived at the beginning of words in Sindarin and later became the vowel i. Therefore, be sure to enter j for those nouns as well, so the proper mutation is applied.
I want to give a special thank you to Ellanto on Vinyë Lambengolmor, as this is his mutation chart.
Tolkien also notes that the consonant j only survived at the beginning of words in Sindarin and later became the vowel i. Therefore, be sure to enter j for those nouns as well, so the proper mutation is applied.
I want to give a special thank you to Ellanto on Vinyë Lambengolmor, as this is his mutation chart.
Mutation Type
Article
Meaning
Mutation
Vocalic
i
“the”
Nasal
in
“the (plural)”
Vocalic
e(n)
“the” PE23
Nasal
i(n)
“the (plural)” PE23
Relational
Prep
Meaning
Etym.
INF
DEF
an
DATIVE
✶ana < √NĀ/ANA
SG
PL
nan
GENITIVE
√NĀ/ANA
o
from, coming from (genitive of origin)
✶hō < √HO
SG
PL
ⁿdan
back to/on/again, (back in return) against, down
√DAN
ⁿdi
beneath, under
✶ndī
SG
PL
o(h)
about, concerning
√OS
gu
(together) with
✶wō < √WO
SG
PL
mo
by (agent of)
✶mā
SG
PL
be
as, like
✶bai
SG
PL
sui
as, like
<? ✶sija
SG
PL
pen
without, lacking
√PEN
eb
save, excluding, except
✶hekʷā < √HEK
Directional
Prep
Meaning
Etym.
INF
DEF
na
ALLATIVE
✶na < √NĀ/ANA
ten
TERMINATIVE, up to, until
√TEN
od
ABLATIVE, (away) from (here elsewards)
✶aw(d/t) < √WĀ/AWA
ed
out (of), forth
√ET
am
up, towards the top of
✶amba < √AM
dad
down, towards the bottom of
✶data < √DAT
thar
across, athwart, over
✶tʰara < √THAR
tri
through
√TER
SG
PL
pela(h)
along, by the boundary of
√PEL + √AS
Locational
Prep
Meaning
Etym.
INF
DEF
ho
in front of, before
✶kʷĀ
SG
PL
pad
behind
✶pata < √PĀ/PATA
adel
behind, in rear of
√TELES
po
on
✶pă < √PĀ/APA
SG
PL
or
above
√RŌ/ORO
nu
under
√NŪ/UNU
SG
PL
mi
in
✶mī < √MI/IMI
SG
PL
im
between
✶imbi < √MI/IMI
sa
beside, alongside, next (to)
√AS
mig
among
✶miki < √MI/IMI
nef
hither, on this side of
✶nebā < √NEB
athar
beyond
√TʰAR
Temporal
Prep
Meaning
Etym.
INF
DEF
fo
before
√PʰĀ
SG
PL
cad
after
✶kata < √KĀ/KATĀ
ab
after
✶apa < √PĀ/APA
Note: CC- pattern as expected from the single consonants above.
1. Liquid mutation works the same when triggered by /l/, except for replacing the trigger’s [r] with [l]. See however [2].
2. Historically rs > ss, ls > lθ, with the latter further developing into ll, but likely not across a clitic/prefix boundary. As such we expect assimilated forms in liquid mutation, e.g. or + sarn > os sarn, adel + sarn > adel tharn.
3. In later Sindarin lh, rh, and wh resist all mutations.
4. In later Sindarin lenition of /m/ may be optional or altogether absent.
5. Initial gw- is /w/ in conservation Sindarin, with mutations as outlined. In later Sindarin it is commonly reanalysed as /gw/, with the following mutations: e·wend, i·ñ(g)wind, añ gwend, e gwend, or wend, a gwend.
6. A single attested word constitutes an exception in conservative/archaic Sindarin: rhass < ✶kʰrassē, mutated as follows: e chrass, i chrais, a chrass, ech rass, or chrass, a chrass. Later analogical normal rh.
1. Liquid mutation works the same when triggered by /l/, except for replacing the trigger’s [r] with [l]. See however [2].
2. Historically rs > ss, ls > lθ, with the latter further developing into ll, but likely not across a clitic/prefix boundary. As such we expect assimilated forms in liquid mutation, e.g. or + sarn > os sarn, adel + sarn > adel tharn.
3. In later Sindarin lh, rh, and wh resist all mutations.
4. In later Sindarin lenition of /m/ may be optional or altogether absent.
5. Initial gw- is /w/ in conservation Sindarin, with mutations as outlined. In later Sindarin it is commonly reanalysed as /gw/, with the following mutations: e·wend, i·ñ(g)wind, añ gwend, e gwend, or wend, a gwend.
6. A single attested word constitutes an exception in conservative/archaic Sindarin: rhass < ✶kʰrassē, mutated as follows: e chrass, i chrais, a chrass, ech rass, or chrass, a chrass. Later analogical normal rh.
Disclaimer: This tool is designed to help with mutations in Sindarin. While it strives for accuracy, please be aware that Sindarin is a constructed language with intricate rules, including vowel changes, consonant mutations, and contextual variations. Despite best efforts, certain renditions may be incorrect. It is advisable to cross-reference the results with trusted Sindarin resources or consult with knowledgeable linguists to ensure accuracy, especially for scholarly or formal work. If you encounter any errors or have suggestions, your feedback is valued!